Solar and wind energy are two renewable energy sources, but they are in an unstable state. Both cannot generate energy throughout the day but only during certain periods. As a result, this generated energy will run out or disappear in a short time when the wind does not blow or the sun is covered by clouds.
In order to supply a continuous source of energy to the supply provider, both of these renewable energy sources need to be supported by good energy storage methods such as batteries. The uncertainty of energy supply by these two energy sources is still not a big problem considering that both only supply a low percentage of the world’s energy generation. However, many countries have intended and announced plans to develop the solar and wind energy sectors on a large scale. Therefore, this issue of uncertainty must be resolved as soon as possible.
Energy storage through Lithium ion batteries is one of the effective ways to overcome this problem. The United States and China are countries in the world that have Lithium ion battery storage facilities. This type of battery is not the only type of battery used to store energy. Japan has the largest battery farm in the world, which uses sodium-sulfur batteries and supplies 238 MW/h of energy. Another example is a battery farm in Alaska that uses nickel-cadmium type and supplies as much as 46 MW of energy every 5 minutes.
Improvements in technology and skills allow a variety of new and more effective batteries to be created in the future. Therefore, this growing sector of battery production will enable more rapid development in the renewable energy sector.
Batteries (also known as storage batteries) are an important component of a solar power supply system. Its main function is to store the electricity generated by the solar panel in the battery immediately for use by electrical equipment. The battery has the function of storing electricity and stabilizing the voltage.
The main technical parameters of the battery are voltage and capacity. Voltage refers to the rated voltage of the battery, that is, the normal working voltage, and generally has 3V, 6V, 12V, 24V, 36V, and the like. Capacity refers to the battery’s ability to store electricity. Generally, 4AH, 6AH, 12AH, 20AH, 40AH, 60AH, 120AH, etc. are commonly used. For example, in the case of a 40AH battery, it means that when the battery is charged with a current of 4A, it can be fully charged for 10 hours; if charged at 1A current, it takes 40 hours to fully charge. The opposite also happens when implementing. Under normal conditions, the charge and discharge time of the battery is preferably 10 hours of charge and discharge rate.
When the battery is charged by the solar battery, the voltage of the solar battery should exceed 20%-30% of the working voltage of the battery to ensure normal charging of the battery. If you need to charge an 8V battery for an 8V battery, you need to use a 15-18V solar battery to charge a 12V battery.
As for the use of solar panels to charge the battery, how to match, depends on your actual needs. A solar power generation board cannot supply power to electrical equipment without the use of batteries. The reasons are:
1. Solar power panels are only devices that convert light energy into electricity and cannot store electricity.
2. The solar power board can generate high electromotive force when the light is strong; when the light is weak, it can only produce a low electromotive force. That is, the output voltage is very unstable, and it is impossible to supply power to electrical equipment normally.
Therefore, a solar power generation system must consist of a solar power generation board, a voltage conversion module, and a storage battery. Nowadays, the use of this Iron-air batteries for solar systems batteries is growing rapidly. The voltage conversion module converts the unstable voltage generated by the solar power generation panel into a voltage suitable for charging the battery, and charging the battery. Electrical equipment is a relatively stable supply voltage from the battery.